Ultrastructural changes of bovine tooth surfaces under erosion in presence of biomimetic hydroxyapatite

Enamel and dentin are susceptible to acids from food sources leading dental erosion, a global problem affecting millions of individuals. Particulate hydroxyapatite (HAP) on the tooth surface can influence effects acid attacks. Standardized bovine enamel samples with artificial saliva used in an vitro cyclic demineralization–remineralization protocol analyze structural changes experienced by surfaces using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy evaluate potential HAP-based oral care gel protection teeth erosive The interfaces between HAP particle crystallites investigated focused ion beam preparation transmission microscopy. results show that erosion phosphoric severely affects tubules, while leads remineralization effects. HAP-gel forms microscopic layer both surfaces. Upon exposure, this is sacrificed before native tissues affected, significantly lower degrees demineralization compared controls. This demonstrates use particulate as biomaterial formulations help protect attacks during meals simple effective principle.